Yesterday’s Trash: The Town of Tomorrow
Among the timeless teachings in Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount, he stated that a city set on a hill cannot be hidden. A culture’s guiding principles are readily open to view, with some facets more easily interpreted than others. In a modern time twist on these words, images come to mind of the mini cities that have sprung up on the growing refuse heaps in places like Calcutta and Mexico City. Wealthier citizens have the option of living in walled compounds or districts that shut out this view. But the truth of it is that if most major cities did a little digging, it would not be long before garbage from the past would be unearthed.
Man has a habit of building on the past, both figuratively and literally. Some societies just do a better job of concealing the sordid aspect of this than others. With common enough frequency, there are stirs in the news media over the findings of previous civilization beneath a new gargantuan construction project. The archaeological excitement generated over shards of a colonial chamber pot elevate that object to an historical importance its users would never have imagined possible.
Regardless of the complexity or relative simplicity of cultures, they all leave behind debris from their work and play, giving archaeologists and anthropologists clues for piecing together a picture from the past. Sometimes, however, the decoding efforts come up against an impasse. There are many mounds around the globe that still stymie historians’ interpretation efforts.
Which leads to the question of how our own culture’s mounds, known as landfills, will fare by the pen of future historians. Preserved scraps of printed material and broken bits of house wares should be fairly easily understood but what will the interpretation be of the enormous deposits of fetid plastic-skinned paper products that are sure to be found there? What conclusions will they draw about the foundation upon which they built their cities - the bizarre foundation of adult diapers?
Incredibly, diapers account for almost 10% of our society’s household garbage. Sources claim that 3% of these are baby diapers, the remaining 7% balance being adult diapers. Babies tend to outgrow diapers after about two and a half years. But with life expectancy on the rise and more of our population heading into the senior years when incontinence products again can become an issue, it is easy to see how future adult diapers statistics can become be quite dire. Diapers are considered to be the third largest contributor to landfill waste. Adult bodies are a lot larger than toddlers’. So as the diaper demographic shifts, it is no surprise that much more space will be required for their disposal.
According to some estimates, when given the right conditions (or perhaps what might be called the wrong conditions), adult diapers can take anywhere from 200 to 500 years to completely disintegrate in a landfill. Oxygen is a necessary ingredient for decomposition and when rubbish is oxygen starved, landfill contents are preserved instead of broken down. As part of managing the overtly unpleasant qualities of landfills, many sites receive a daily six inch layer of soil spread over newly dumped material. This addition of soil ironically restricts oxygen from getting on with its necessary business. Other measures are carefully taken to keep water, an efficient oxidizing agent, out of landfills to help avoid toxins leaching into surrounding land and waters. All this adds up to what is called the “dry tomb effect”, in essence the mummification of refuse. This mummification will enable future excavators to carefully examine a reasonably well preserved array of disposable incontinence products in their effort to decipher history.
Aptly, when considering its major diaper content, a defunct and undeveloped landfill is called a brownfield. Over time cities expand and encroach on the acreage where previous generations once jettisoned everything from bed springs to soiled absorbent underwear and this real estate value rises. What once appeared to be a bummer of an investment proposition starts to look pretty savvy. Brownfields turn green with lawns and parks and new cities are set on hills of hidden history.
